Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 3 1 2008 01 22 1 4 Elise Langdon-Neuner Editor-in-chief of The Write Stuff (the journal of the European Medical Writers Association), Vienna 2015 10 03 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/74 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/74/72

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 3 1 2008 01 22 5 10 Fataneh-Sadat Bathaei Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Te Shahin Akhondzadeh Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Te 2015 10 03 Garlic has been used since time immemorial as a culinary spice and medicinal herb. Garlic has been cultivated in the Middle East for more than 5,000 years and has been an important part of traditional Chinese medicine. The region with the largest commercial garlic production is central California. China is also a supplier of commercial garlic. The bulb is used medicinally. Garlic has been touted as an herb with numerous health benefits, from treating the common cold to serving as an anticancer agent. Research has proven that garlic is beneficial for those with hypertension. By thinning the blood garlic can lower blood pressure by 5 to 10 percent. It can also lower cholesterol and discourage clot formation. The sulfur compound allicin, produced by crushing or chewing fresh garlic or by taking powdered garlic products with allicin potential, in turn produces other sulfur compounds: ajoene, allyl sulfides, and vinyldithiins. Aged garlic products lack allicin, but may have activity due to the presence of S-allylcysteine. In this review, we focused on the cardiovascular effects of garlic. https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/75 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/75/73

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 3 1 2008 01 22 11 16 Abbas Soleimani Mohammad Alidoosti Mojtaba Salarifar Seyed Ebrahim Kassaian Abbasali Karimi Saeed Davoodi Mehrab Marzban Seyed Hesameddin Abbasi Mostafa Nejatian Ali Abbasi 2015 10 03 Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation program on heart rate recovery (HRR) in patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: Two hundred forty patients, who completed 24 sessions of a cardiac rehabilitation program (phase 2) after PCI (n=62) or CABG (n=178) at the rehabilitation department of Tehran Heart Center were included in the present study. Demographic and clinical characteristics and exercise capacity at baseline and at follow-up were compared between the two groups. The main outcome measurements were:  Resting heart rate, peak heart rate, and HRR. Results: All the patients showed significant improvements in heart rate parameters from the baseline to the last sessions. The profile of atherosclerotic risk factors (except for diabetes mellitus) was similar between the PCI and CABG subjects. After eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation, HRR increased averagely about 17 and 21 bpm among the CABG and PCI patients, respectively (p=0.019). Conclusion: The results of the present study were indicative of an increase in HRR over 1 minute in patients irrespective of their initial revascularization modality (i.e. PCI or CABG) after the completion of cardiac rehabilitation. Be that as it may, the PCI patients achieved greater improvement in HRR by comparison with the CABG patients.   https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/76 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/76/74

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 3 1 2008 01 22 17 20 Ahmad Reza Assareh Jondi Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran. Mohammad Alasti Jondi Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran. Shahla Beigi Jondi Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran. Seddigheh Fayyazi Jondi Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran. 2015 10 03 Background: A relatively common disease, congestive heart failure has a significant effect on the quality of life. Given that hospital admission is an important problem in patients afflicted with congestive heart failure, we sought to evaluate the effect of discharge education on the quality of life and hospital readmission in this group of patients. Methods: Eighty patients admitted with decompensated heart failure were selected and divided into 2 matched groups. The quality of life scores were measured for each patient. Upon discharge and during the first week after that, the intervention group received 3 sessions of education. Both groups were followed for 6 months. Data on the readmission rate and quality of life scores were collected. Results: The baseline quality of life scores in the control and education subjects were similar (p-value: NS). The quality of life scores showed a significant improvement at 3 and 6 months’ follow-up in the education group. The hospital readmission rate, however, was higher in the control group at 3 and 6 months’ follow-up. Conclusion: The present study showed that discharge education could enhance the quality of life and reduce the rate of hospital readmission in those suffering from congestive heart failure. It is, therefore, advisable that self-care training and discharge education be incorporated in the heart failure management strategy.   https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/77 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/77/75

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 3 1 2008 01 22 21 24 Seyed Amir Kassaei Shahid Behshti Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Yonos Nozari Imam Khomini Hospital, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 03 Background: Latest research shows that about 0.5% of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients will need urgent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) because of coronary accidents. The ACC/AHA guidelines regard on-site cardiac surgery back-up obligatory for PCI centers. It seems the need for urgent CABG in some Iranian PCI centers is less than 0.5%, which may affect decision-making for performing PCI without on-site surgical back-up in the same condition in Iran. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed all elective PCI documents in two large educational centers with on-site cardiac surgery back-up in Tehran from April 2005 to April 2006. CABG immediately after PCI or until 24 hours after PCI was considered urgent. Results: There were 1533 PCI patients (71% male) and 1936 PCI vessels in our study. The patients’ mean age was 56 (95% CI 46-66) years. The prevalence of hypertensives, smokers, and diabetics was 42%, 44%, and 24%, respectively. The mean stenotic lesion length was 20.5 mm (95% CI 19.5-21), and the mean lesion diameter was 3.02 mm (95% CI 2.58–3.52). There were 98 (5.8%) unsuccessful PCI procedures. The relative frequency of PCI on different vessels was 1070 (55%) on the left anterior descending artery (LAD), 591(30.5%) on the proximal part of LAD, 286 (14.5%) on left circumflex artery (LCX), 438 (22%) on the right coronary artery (RCA), and 142 (7.2%) on other arteries such as the obtuse marginal (OM) or diagonal arteries. There was only one case of urgent CABG in these patients. Conclusion: The recent widespread use of coronary stenting, new antiplatelet drugs, and increased skills of operators has ushered in a considerable reduction in urgent CABG after PCI.                                                                                                                                                                                               https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/78 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/78/76

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 3 1 2008 01 22 25 30 Forouzan Yazdanian Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Seyedeh Zahra Faritous Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Gholamali Mollasadeghi Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Rasoul Farasatkish Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Hasan Ghaffari Nejad Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amir Jamshid Khamoushi Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 03 Background: Obesity is a common risk factor for morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. However, the relationship between obesity and postoperative risk has not been fully defined. Methods: A prospective study of 1015 consecutive patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was carried out. Body mass index (BMI) was used as the measure of obesity and was categorized as normal weight (BMI=20-25) and obese (BMI>25 and<35). The preoperative, operative, and postoperative risk factors as well as the complication and in-hospital death rates were compared between the two groups. Results: Of the 1015 patients, 40% had a normal weight and 49% were obese. Compared with the normal-weight group, the obese group had a significantly higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (P=0.007) and lower arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) (P=0.03). The normal-weight patients had a higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class (P=0.03) and were at a higher risk for emergent surgery (P=0.003) or reoperation (P=0.002). Among the postoperative complications, respiratory complications (P=0.027) were more frequent in the obese patients. The duration of mechanical ventilation (P=0.001), the incidence of arrhythmia (P=0.011), low cardiac output syndrome (P=0.001), reintubation (P=0.001), and neurological complications (P=0.003) were significantly higher in the normal-weight patients. Obesity was associated with a lower risk of reoperation for bleeding (P=0.032). There were no significant differences in infective complications, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, total length of stay in hospital, and operative mortality between the groups. Conclusion: In the patients undergoing isolated CABG procedures, obesity did not   increase the risk of operative mortality and morbidity with the exception of respiratory complications. The normal body weight patients were at a higher risk for complications than were the obese patients. Therefore, obese patients may safely undergo CABG without previous weight reduction if due attention is paid to minimize respiratory complications.                                                                                                                                                                                           https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/79 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/79/77

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 3 1 2008 01 22 31 34 Seyedeh Seddigheh Fatemi Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. Mehdi Hasanzadeh Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. Afsaneh Mohammadi Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. Hedayatollah Fatehi Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. Mohsen Mohebati Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. 2015 10 03 Background: Electrocardiography (ECG) is a valuable device in the assessment of cardiovascular diseases. Recent medical software developments such as the invention of modern automated ECG interpreters have greatly facilitated the work of electrocardiographers and cardiologists. We present our experience in the use of one such device in the routine reporting of 200 successive ECGs recorded in our Cardiac Care Unit and Cardiac Emergency Ward. Methods: The interpretations of 200 ECGs provided by the GE-digital ECG device were chosen and compared with those supplied by four cardiologists in a single blind manner. All statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS version 11.5 for windows. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a diagnostic match between the interpretations by the device and those by the cardiologists in 107 (53.5%) cases as opposed to a diagnostic mismatch in 93 cases (46.5%). The matching rate in tes The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 2 2 2007 04 15 101 104 Mehrnoush Toufan Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Jahanbakhsh Samadikhah Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Azin Alizadeh Asl Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Rasoul Azarfarin Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Seyed Hadi Hakim Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 2015 10 03 Background: Standard methods for the measurement of myocardial perfusion are invasive and require cardiac catheterization or the use of radioisotope dyes. The coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF) is an appropriate criterion for the efficacy of myocardial perfusion. This study sought to measure CSBF via transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to assess its relation with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), wall motion scoring index (WMSI), and in-hospital mortality. Methods: This case-control study evaluated 20 patients (pts) with anterior AMI and 20 healthy individuals as controls over a 6-month period (in 2005) in Madani Heart Center in Tabriz (Iran). All the patients received the same drugs for AMI treatment (e.g. fibrinolytic). CSBF and WMSI, having been obtained via TTE, were compared between the two groups. Results: Baseline variables were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). CSBF in the AMI group was 287.8±128 ml/min and in the control group was 415±127 ml/min (P=0.001). There was a significant correlation between CSBF and LVEF (r=0.52, P=0.01), between CSBF and WMSI (r=-0.77, P=0.0001), and between CSBF and in-hospital mortality (r=0.58, P=0.03). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a good correlation between CSBF measured with 2D-doppler TTE and LVEF, WMSI, and in-hospital mortality.   https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/49 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/49/47

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 2 2 2007 04 15 105 110 Sirus Darabian Alireza Amirzadegan Hakimeh Sadeghian Saeed Sadeghian Maria Raissi Dehkordi Hamidreza Goodarzynejad 2015 10 03 Background: Muscle fibers overlying the intramyocardial segment of an epicardial coronary artery are termed myocardial bridge (MB). The aim of this study was to analyze the mid-term outcome of MB and to examine its possible association with angiographic findings and concomitant cardiac pathologies such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).   Methods: From a total of 3218 patients admitted for coronary angiography during 9 consecutive months, 28 (0.9%) were diagnosed with MBs with stenoses >=50%. Of these, 19 referred for follow-up with a median duration of 18 months. Results: HCM was present in 5 patients (26.3%), of whom 4 had MB as the sole finding in angiography.  Of the 19 patients, 14 had diastolic dysfunction. In follow-up, 2 patients were treated with revascularization strategies due to the concomitant coronary artery disease and in 2, syncope occurred. For two patients, an intra-cardiac device and a permanent pacemaker were implanted. Three patients with MB as the sole finding in angiography were readmitted because of chest pain. Conclusion: Diastolic dysfunction may contribute to the presentation of symptoms of muscle bridging. Also, myocardial bridging as the only finding in coronary angiography is highly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and may help to detect this group of patients. The mid-term outcome of myocardial bridges is favorable. https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/50 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/50/48

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 2 2 2007 04 15 111 113 Hakimeh Sadeghian Kyomars Abbasi Naghmeh Moshtaghi Mahmood Shirzad Shahla Majidi Seyed Hesameddin Abbasi Maryam Semnani Ali Mohammad Haji Zeinali Mohammad Sahebjam Seyed Ebrahim Kassaian 2015 10 03 Myocardial free wall rupture is a catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction, and prognosis will depend on the prompt diagnosis by echocardiography, extension of infarct size, and prompt surgical treatment. Free wall rupture concomitant with ventricular septal defect (VSD) may be more complicated for management. A case of a 69-year-old man with myocardial free wall rupture and VSD following acute anterior myocardial infarction is presented. https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/51 https://jthc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/51/49

Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 2 2 2007 04 15 115 116 Yaser Jenab Imam Khomeini Hospital, Medical Sciences / University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Ali Kazemi Khaledi Imam Khomeini Hospital, Medical Sciences / University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Hassan Ranjbarnejad Imam Khomeini Hospital, Medical Sciences / University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Arezu Zoroufian Tehran Heart Center, Medical Sciences / University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Mahmood Shahzadi Imam Khomeini Hospital, Medical Sciences / University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 03 The majority of corona