Employees’ Behaviors Concerning Metabolic Syndrome Prevention: A Cellphone-Based Text Message Education Intervention
,
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is increasing in Iran. This study was an attempt to determine the effects of a short message service (SMS)-based education intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and the adoption of preventive behaviors concerning MetSyn among a sample of employees of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS).
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, conducted from January through April 2021, IUMS 144 were assigned either to the intervention group (n=72) or to the control group (n=72). Thirty-two text messages were designed, pretested, and sent to the participants’ phones in the intervention group in 32 days. Knowledge, attitudes, and the adoption of preventive behaviors vis-à-vis MetSyn were measured in the intervention group before and 1 month after the intervention and compared with those in the control group at the same time points. The data were analyzed using paired t tests and ANCOVA.
Results: The mean age of the employees in the intervention and control groups was 42.97±8.80 and 40.81±9.58 years, respectively. The results showed that the mean scores of knowledge (P<0.001), attitudes (P<0.001), and the adoption of preventive behaviors regarding MetSyn (P=0.009) were significantly different between the intervention and control groups after the intervention was done via SMS.
Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that SMS-based interventions might improve knowledge, attitude, and the adoption of preventive behaviors pertaining to MetSyn among employees.
1. Saklayen MG. The global epidemic of the metabolic syndrome. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018;20:12.
2. Kalan Farmanfarma K, Kaykhaei MA, Adineh HA, Mohammadi M, Dabiri S, Ansari-Moghaddam A. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Iran: a meta-analysis of 69 studies. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:792-799.
3. Bonora E. The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Ann Me. 2006;38:64-80.
4. Bassi N, Karagodin I, Wang S, Vassallo P, Priyanath A, Massaro E, Stone NJ. Lifestyle modification for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review. Am J Med 2014;127:1242.e1-10.
5. van Namen M, Prendergast L, Peiris C. Supervised lifestyle intervention for people with metabolic syndrome improves outcomes and reduces individual risk factors of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolism 2019;101:153988.
6. Orchard TJ, Temprosa M, Goldberg R, Haffner S, Ratner R, Marcovina S, Fowler S; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. The effect of metformin and intensive lifestyle intervention on the metabolic syndrome: the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:611-619.
7. Nyenwe EA, Dagogo-Jack S. Metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and the science of primary prevention. Minerva Endocrinol 2011;36:129-145.
8. Alefishat EA, Abu Farha RK, Al-Debei MM. Self-reported adherence among individuals at high risk of metabolic syndrome: effect of knowledge and attitude. Med Princ Pract 2017;26:157-163.
9. Wu Y, Liang Y, Zhou Q, Liu H, Lin G, Cai W, Li Y, Gu J. Effectiveness of a short message service intervention to motivate people with positive results in preliminary colorectal cancer screening to undergo colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2019;125:2252-2261.
10. Shapiro JR, Bauer S, Hamer RM, Kordy H, Ward D, Bulik CM. Use of text messaging for monitoring sugar-sweetened beverages, physical activity, and screen time in children: a pilot study. J Nutr Educ Behav 2008;40:385-391.
11. Kim CJ, Schlenk EA, Kang SW, Park JB. Effects of an internet-based lifestyle intervention on cardio-metabolic risks and stress in Korean workers with metabolic syndrome: a controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns 2015;98:111-119.
12. Akbari M, Lankarani KB, Naghibzadeh-Tahami A, Tabrizi R, Honarvar B, Kolahdooz F, Borhaninejad V, Asemi Z. The effects of mobile health interventions on lipid profiles among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:1949-1955.
13. Bobrow K, Brennan T, Springer D, Levitt NS, Rayner B, Namane M, Yu LM, Tarassenko L, Farmer A. Efficacy of a text messaging (SMS) based intervention for adults with hypertension: protocol for the StAR (SMS Text-message Adherence suppoRt trial) randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2014;14:28.
14. Feroz AS, Ali NA, Saleem S. Assessing mobile phone access, usage, and willingness among women to receive voice message-based mobile health intervention to improve antenatal care attendance in district Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan. Reprod Health 2020;17:104.
15. Salaroli LB, Saliba RA, Zandonade E, Molina Mdel C, Bissoli NS. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in bank employees according to different defining criteria, Vitória/ES, Brazil. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2013;68:69-74.
16. Polit DF, Beck CT. Assessing data quality. In: Polit DF, Beck CT, eds. Nursing Research: Principles and Methods. 7th ed. Philadelphia /Baltimore/New York/London/ Buenos Aires/Hong Kong/Sydney/Tokyo: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004. p. 423-424.
17. Abbasi A, Araban M, Heidari Z, Alidosti M, Zamani-Alavijeh F. Development and psychometric evaluation of waste separation beliefs and behaviors scale among female students of medical sciences university based on the extended parallel process model. Environ Health Prev Med 2020;25:12.
18. Clark RA, Pua YH, Oliveira CC, Bower KJ, Thilarajah S, McGaw R, Hasanki K, Mentiplay BF. Reliability and concurrent validity of the Microsoft Xbox One Kinect for assessment of standing balance and postural control. Gait Posture 2015;42:210-213.
19. Flanagan D, Mahler H, Cohen S. How to conduct effective pretests: ensuring meaningful BCC messages and materials. http://www.fhi360.org/resource/aidscap-how-conduct-effective-pretests-pdf-english-french (16 December 2021).
20. Goodarzi M, Ebrahimzadeh I, Rabi A, Saedipoor B, Jafarabadi MA. Impact of distance education via mobile phone text messaging on knowledge, attitude, practice and self efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2012;11:10.
21. Haricharan HJ, Heap M, Hacking D, Lau YK. Health promotion via SMS improves hypertension knowledge for deaf South Africans. BMC Public Health 2017;17:663.
22. Joshi A, Mehta S, Grover A, Talati K, Malhotra B, Puricelli Perin DM. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of individuals to prevent and manage metabolic syndrome in an Indian setting. Diabetes Technol Ther 2013;15:644-653.
23. Alali AA, Albagshi NM, Albin Alshaikh SM, Almubarak AA. Primary care physicians' knowledge, attitudes and practices related to metabolic syndrome screening and management in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:2689-2697.
24. Gatwood J, Balkrishnan R, Erickson SR, An LC, Piette JD, Farris KB. The impact of tailored text messages on health beliefs and medication adherence in adults with diabetes: a randomized pilot study. Res Social Adm Pharm 2016;12:130-140.
25. Frisman GH, Berterö C. Having knowledge of metabolic syndrome: does the meaning and consequences of the risk factors influence the life situation of Swedish adults? Nurs Health Sci 2008;10:300-305.
26. Lewis SJ, Rodbard HW, Fox KM, Grandy S; SHIELD Study Group. Self-reported prevalence and awareness of metabolic syndrome: findings from SHIELD. Int J Clin Pract 2008;62:1168-1176.
27. Moradi A, Alavi SM, Salimi M, Nouhjah S, Shahvali EA. The effect of short message service (SMS) on knowledge and preventive behaviors of diabetic foot ulcer in patients with diabetes type 2. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:1255-1260.
28. Joo NS, Kim BT. Mobile phone short message service messaging for behaviour modification in a community-based weight control programme in Korea. J Telemed Telecare 2007;13:416-420.
29. Zhu S, St-Onge MP, Heshka S, Heymsfield SB. Lifestyle behaviors associated with lower risk of having the metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2004;53:1503-1511.
2. Kalan Farmanfarma K, Kaykhaei MA, Adineh HA, Mohammadi M, Dabiri S, Ansari-Moghaddam A. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Iran: a meta-analysis of 69 studies. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:792-799.
3. Bonora E. The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Ann Me. 2006;38:64-80.
4. Bassi N, Karagodin I, Wang S, Vassallo P, Priyanath A, Massaro E, Stone NJ. Lifestyle modification for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review. Am J Med 2014;127:1242.e1-10.
5. van Namen M, Prendergast L, Peiris C. Supervised lifestyle intervention for people with metabolic syndrome improves outcomes and reduces individual risk factors of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolism 2019;101:153988.
6. Orchard TJ, Temprosa M, Goldberg R, Haffner S, Ratner R, Marcovina S, Fowler S; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. The effect of metformin and intensive lifestyle intervention on the metabolic syndrome: the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:611-619.
7. Nyenwe EA, Dagogo-Jack S. Metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and the science of primary prevention. Minerva Endocrinol 2011;36:129-145.
8. Alefishat EA, Abu Farha RK, Al-Debei MM. Self-reported adherence among individuals at high risk of metabolic syndrome: effect of knowledge and attitude. Med Princ Pract 2017;26:157-163.
9. Wu Y, Liang Y, Zhou Q, Liu H, Lin G, Cai W, Li Y, Gu J. Effectiveness of a short message service intervention to motivate people with positive results in preliminary colorectal cancer screening to undergo colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2019;125:2252-2261.
10. Shapiro JR, Bauer S, Hamer RM, Kordy H, Ward D, Bulik CM. Use of text messaging for monitoring sugar-sweetened beverages, physical activity, and screen time in children: a pilot study. J Nutr Educ Behav 2008;40:385-391.
11. Kim CJ, Schlenk EA, Kang SW, Park JB. Effects of an internet-based lifestyle intervention on cardio-metabolic risks and stress in Korean workers with metabolic syndrome: a controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns 2015;98:111-119.
12. Akbari M, Lankarani KB, Naghibzadeh-Tahami A, Tabrizi R, Honarvar B, Kolahdooz F, Borhaninejad V, Asemi Z. The effects of mobile health interventions on lipid profiles among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:1949-1955.
13. Bobrow K, Brennan T, Springer D, Levitt NS, Rayner B, Namane M, Yu LM, Tarassenko L, Farmer A. Efficacy of a text messaging (SMS) based intervention for adults with hypertension: protocol for the StAR (SMS Text-message Adherence suppoRt trial) randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2014;14:28.
14. Feroz AS, Ali NA, Saleem S. Assessing mobile phone access, usage, and willingness among women to receive voice message-based mobile health intervention to improve antenatal care attendance in district Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan. Reprod Health 2020;17:104.
15. Salaroli LB, Saliba RA, Zandonade E, Molina Mdel C, Bissoli NS. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in bank employees according to different defining criteria, Vitória/ES, Brazil. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2013;68:69-74.
16. Polit DF, Beck CT. Assessing data quality. In: Polit DF, Beck CT, eds. Nursing Research: Principles and Methods. 7th ed. Philadelphia /Baltimore/New York/London/ Buenos Aires/Hong Kong/Sydney/Tokyo: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004. p. 423-424.
17. Abbasi A, Araban M, Heidari Z, Alidosti M, Zamani-Alavijeh F. Development and psychometric evaluation of waste separation beliefs and behaviors scale among female students of medical sciences university based on the extended parallel process model. Environ Health Prev Med 2020;25:12.
18. Clark RA, Pua YH, Oliveira CC, Bower KJ, Thilarajah S, McGaw R, Hasanki K, Mentiplay BF. Reliability and concurrent validity of the Microsoft Xbox One Kinect for assessment of standing balance and postural control. Gait Posture 2015;42:210-213.
19. Flanagan D, Mahler H, Cohen S. How to conduct effective pretests: ensuring meaningful BCC messages and materials. http://www.fhi360.org/resource/aidscap-how-conduct-effective-pretests-pdf-english-french (16 December 2021).
20. Goodarzi M, Ebrahimzadeh I, Rabi A, Saedipoor B, Jafarabadi MA. Impact of distance education via mobile phone text messaging on knowledge, attitude, practice and self efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2012;11:10.
21. Haricharan HJ, Heap M, Hacking D, Lau YK. Health promotion via SMS improves hypertension knowledge for deaf South Africans. BMC Public Health 2017;17:663.
22. Joshi A, Mehta S, Grover A, Talati K, Malhotra B, Puricelli Perin DM. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of individuals to prevent and manage metabolic syndrome in an Indian setting. Diabetes Technol Ther 2013;15:644-653.
23. Alali AA, Albagshi NM, Albin Alshaikh SM, Almubarak AA. Primary care physicians' knowledge, attitudes and practices related to metabolic syndrome screening and management in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:2689-2697.
24. Gatwood J, Balkrishnan R, Erickson SR, An LC, Piette JD, Farris KB. The impact of tailored text messages on health beliefs and medication adherence in adults with diabetes: a randomized pilot study. Res Social Adm Pharm 2016;12:130-140.
25. Frisman GH, Berterö C. Having knowledge of metabolic syndrome: does the meaning and consequences of the risk factors influence the life situation of Swedish adults? Nurs Health Sci 2008;10:300-305.
26. Lewis SJ, Rodbard HW, Fox KM, Grandy S; SHIELD Study Group. Self-reported prevalence and awareness of metabolic syndrome: findings from SHIELD. Int J Clin Pract 2008;62:1168-1176.
27. Moradi A, Alavi SM, Salimi M, Nouhjah S, Shahvali EA. The effect of short message service (SMS) on knowledge and preventive behaviors of diabetic foot ulcer in patients with diabetes type 2. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13:1255-1260.
28. Joo NS, Kim BT. Mobile phone short message service messaging for behaviour modification in a community-based weight control programme in Korea. J Telemed Telecare 2007;13:416-420.
29. Zhu S, St-Onge MP, Heshka S, Heymsfield SB. Lifestyle behaviors associated with lower risk of having the metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2004;53:1503-1511.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 16 No 4 (2021): J Teh Univ Heart Ctr | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jthc.v16i4.8602 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Metabolic syndrome Knowledge Attitude Behavior Text messaging | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Didehban S, Dehdari T, Janani L, Masoudkabir F. Employees’ Behaviors Concerning Metabolic Syndrome Prevention: A Cellphone-Based Text Message Education Intervention. J Tehran Heart Cent. 2021;16(4):162-168.
