Pragmatic Tips for Improving the Modern Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Operations
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Abstract
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1. Khan MA, Hashim MJ, Mustafa H, Baniyas MY, Al Suwaidi SKBM, AlKatheeri R, Alblooshi FMK, Almatrooshi MEAH, Alzaabi MEH, Al Darmaki RS, Lootah SNAH. Global epidemiology of ischemic heart disease: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Cureus 2020;12:e9349.
2. Stone GW, Kappetein AP, Sabik JF, Pocock SJ, Morice MC, Puskas J, Kandzari DE, Karmpaliotis D, Brown WM, 3rd, Lembo NJ, Banning A, Merkely B, Horkay F, Boonstra PW, van Boven AJ, Ungi I, Bogáts G, Mansour S, Noiseux N, Sabaté M, Pomar J, Hickey M, Gershlick A, Buszman PE, Bochenek A, Schampaert E, Pagé P, Modolo R, Gregson J, Simonton CA, Mehran R, Kosmidou I, Généreux P, Crowley A, Dressler O, Serruys PW; EXCEL Trial Investigators. Five-year outcomes after PCI or CABG for left main coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2019;381:1820-1830.
3. Farkouh ME, Domanski M, Sleeper LA, Siami FS, Dangas G, Mack M, Yang M, Cohen DJ, Rosenberg Y, Solomon SD, Desai AS, Gersh BJ, Magnuson EA, Lansky A, Boineau R, Weinberger J, Ramanathan K, Sousa JE, Rankin J, Bhargava B, Buse J, Hueb W, Smith CR, Muratov V, Bansilal S, King S, 3rd, Bertrand M, Fuster V; FREEDOM Trial Investigators. Strategies for multivessel revascularization in patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012;367:2375-2384.
4. Serruys PW, Unger F, Sousa JE, Jatene A, Bonnier HJ, Schönberger JP, Buller N, Bonser R, van den Brand MJ, van Herwerden LA, Morel MA, van Hout BA; Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study Group. Comparison of coronary-artery bypass surgery and stenting for the treatment of multivessel disease. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1117-1124.
5. Weiss S, Weintraub W. Revascularization vs. medical therapy in stable ischemic heart disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2015;58:299-305.
6. Greenland P, Knoll MD, Stamler J, Neaton JD, Dyer AR, Garside DB, Wilson PW. Major risk factors as antecedents of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease events. JAMA 2003;290:891-897.
7. Hall AB, Brilakis ES. Saphenous vein graft failure: seeing the bigger picture. J Thorac Dis. 2019;11(Suppl 9):S1441-S1444.
8. Sabik JF, 3rd. Understanding saphenous vein graft patency. Circulation 2011;124:273-275.
9. Bikdeli B, Hassantash SA, Pourabdollah M, Kalantarian S, Sadeghian M, Afshar H, Sabeti S, Marzban M, Ahmadi H, Mohammadi F. Histopathologic insight into saphenous vein bypass graft disease. Cardiology 2012;123:208-215.
10. Harskamp RE, Alexander JH, Schulte PJ, Brophy CM, Mack MJ, Peterson ED, Williams JB, Gibson CM, Califf RM, Kouchoukos NT, Harrington RA, Ferguson TB, Jr, Lopes RD. Vein graft preservation solutions, patency, and outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: follow-up from the PREVENT IV randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2014;149:798-805.
11. Zou R, Sun M, Lu Z, Guo Q. Influence of ischemia before vein grafting on early hyperplasia of the graft and the dynamic changes of the intima after grafting. J Cardiothorac Surg 2012;7:90.
12. Papakonstantinou NA, Baikoussis NG, Goudevenos J, Papadopoulos G, Apostolakis E. Novel no touch technique of saphenous vein harvesting: Is great graft patency rate provided? Ann Card Anaesth 2016;19:481-488.
13. Woodward LC, Antoniades C, Taggart DP. Intraoperative vein graft preservation: what is the solution? Ann Thorac Surg 2016;102:1736-1746.
14. Caliskan E, Pachuk CJ, Perrault LP, Emmert MY. Preservation solutions to improve graft patency: the devil is in the detail. J Cardiothorac Surg 2020;15:228.
15. Vestergaard LP, Benhassen L, Modrau IS, de Paoli F, Boedtkjer E. Increased Contractile Function of Human Saphenous Vein Grafts Harvested by "No-Touch" Technique. Front Physiol. 2018 Jan 12;8:1135.
16. Hawkes AL, Nowak M, Bidstrup B, Speare R. Outcomes of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2006;2:477-484.
17. Lytle BW, Blackstone EH, Loop FD, Houghtaling PL, Arnold JH, Akhrass R, McCarthy PM, Cosgrove DM. Two internal thoracic artery grafts are better than one. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;117:855-872.
18. Taggart DP, D'Amico R, Altman DG. Effect of arterial revascularisation on survival: a systematic review of studies comparing bilateral and single internal mammary arteries. Lancet 2001;358(9285):870-875.
19. Tatoulis J, Wynne R, Skillington PD, Buxton BF. Total arterial revascularization: achievable and prognostically effective-a multicenter analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2015;100:1268-1275.
20. Tatoulis J, Buxton BF, Fuller JA. The right internal thoracic artery: is it underutilized? Curr Opin Cardiol 2011;26:528-535.
21. Deb S, Cohen EA, Singh SK, Une D, Laupacis A, Fremes SE; RAPS Investigators. Radial artery and saphenous vein patency more than 5 years after coronary artery bypass surgery: results from RAPS (Radial Artery Patency Study). J Am Coll Cardiol 2012;60:28-35.
22. Tabata M, Grab JD, Khalpey Z, Edwards FH, O'Brien SM, Cohn LH, Bolman RM, 3rd. Prevalence and variability of internal mammary artery graft use in contemporary multivessel coronary artery bypass graft surgery: analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Cardiac Database. Circulation 2009;120:935-940.
23. Bridgewater B, Keogh B, Kinsman R, Walton P. Sixth National Adult Cardiac Surgical Database report 2008. https://www.surgery.cuhk.edu.hk/cts/Sixth_NACSD_report_2008.pdf (01 August 2021).
24. Van den Eynde J, Heeren A, Szecel D, Meuris B, Jacobs S, Verbrugghe P, Oosterlinck W. Skeletonisation contributing to a reduction of sternal wound complications: a retrospective study in OPCAB patients. J Cardiothorac Surg 2019;14:162.
25. Sá MP, Ferraz PE, Escobar RR, Vasconcelos FP, Ferraz AA, Braile DM, Lima RC. Skeletonized versus pedicled internal thoracic artery and risk of sternal wound infection after coronary bypass surgery: meta-analysis and meta-regression of 4817 patients. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013;16:849-857.
26. Surya Satya Gopal P, Anne S, Kummari M, Bomma K, Malempati AR. Comparison of the effect of skeletonized and pedicled left internal thoracic artery harvesting techniques in coronary artery bypass surgery. J Evid Based Med Healthc 2020;7:2841-2846.
27. Aldea GS, Bakaeen FG, Pal J, Fremes S, Head SJ, Sabik J, Rosengart T, Kappetein AP, Thourani VH, Firestone S, Mitchell JD; Society of Thoracic Surgeons. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons clinical practice guidelines on arterial conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 2016;101:801-809.
28. Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, Alfonso F, Banning AP, Benedetto U, Byrne RA, Collet JP, Falk V, Head SJ, Jüni P, Kastrati A, Koller A, Kristensen SD, Niebauer J, Richter DJ, Seferovic PM, Sibbing D, Stefanini GG, Windecker S, Yadav R, Zembala MO; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J 2019;40:87-165.
29. Cadwallader RA, Walsh SR, Cooper DG, Tang TY, Sadat U, Boyle JR. Great saphenous vein harvesting: a systematic review and meta-analysis of open versus endoscopic techniques. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2009;43:561-566.
30. Raja SG, Sarang Z. Endoscopic vein harvesting: technique, outcomes, concerns & controversies. J Thorac Dis 2013;5(Suppl 6):S630-637.
31. Vaidyanathan KR, Sankar MN, Cherian KM. Endoscopic vs conventional vein harvesting: a prospective analysis. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2008;16:134-138.
32. Zenati MA, Bhatt DL, Stock EM, Hattler B, Wagner TH, Bakaeen FG, Biswas K. Intermediate-term outcomes of endoscopic or open vein harvesting for coronary artery bypass grafting: The REGROUP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4:e211439.
33. Bowdish ME, D'Agostino RS, Thourani VH, Schwann TA, Krohn C, Desai N, Shahian DM, Fernandez FG, Badhwar V. STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2021 Update on Outcomes, Quality, and Research. Ann Thorac Surg 2021;111:1770-1780.
34. Shapira OM. Radial artery as the preferred second conduit for coronary bypass. N Engl J Med 2018;378:2134-2135.
35. Salazar JD, Wityk RJ, Grega MA, Borowicz LM, Doty JR, Petrofski JA, Baumgartner WA. Stroke after cardiac surgery: short- and long-term outcomes. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;72:1195-1201.
36. Nicoara A, Song P, Bollen BA, Paone G, Abernathy JJ 3rd, Taylor MA, Habib RH, Del Rio JM, Lauer RE, Nussmeier NA, Glance LG, Petty JV 3rd, Mackensen GB, Vener DF, Kertai MD. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2021 Update on Echocardiography. Ann Thorac Surg 2022;113:13-24.
37. Rosenberger P, Shernan SK, Löffler M, Shekar PS, Fox JA, Tuli JK, Nowak M, Eltzschig HK. The influence of epiaortic ultrasonography on intraoperative surgical management in 6051 cardiac surgical patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2008;85:548-553.
38. Joo HC, Youn YN, Kwak YL, Yi GJ, Yoo KJ. Intraoperative epiaortic scanning for preventing early stroke after off-pump coronary artery bypass. Br J Anaesth 2013;111:374-381.
39. Ikram A, Mohiuddin H, Zia A, Siddiqui HU, Javadikasgari H, Koprivanac M, Raza S, Zafar A. Does epiaortic ultrasound screening reduce perioperative stroke in patients undergoing coronary surgery? A topical review J Clin Neurosci 2018;50:30-34.
40. Shapeton AD, Leissner KB, Zorca SM, Amirfarzan H, Stock EM, Biswas K, Haime M, Srinivasa V, Quin JA, Zenati MA. Epiaortic ultrasound for assessment of intraluminal atheroma; insights from the REGROUP Trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020;34:726-732.
41. Das S, Dunning J. Can epiaortic ultrasound reduce the incidence of intraoperative stroke during cardiac surgery? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2004 Mar;3:71-75.
42. Guida GA, Chivasso P, Fudulu D, Rapetto F, Sedmakov C, Marsico R, Zakkar M, Bryan AJ, Angelini GD. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in high-risk patients: a review. J Thorac Dis 2016;8(Suppl 10):S795-S798.
43. Marui A, Okabayashi H, Komiya T, Tanaka S, Furukawa Y, Kita T, Kimura T, Sakata R; CREDO-Kyoto Investigators. Benefits of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in high-risk patients. Circulation 2012;126(11 Suppl 1):S151-157.
44. McGinn JT, Jr, Usman S, Lapierre H, Pothula VR, Mesana TG, Ruel M. Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting: dual-center experience in 450 consecutive patients. Circulation 2009;120(11 Suppl):S78-84.
45. Baishya J, George A, Krishnamoorthy J, Muniraju G, Chakravarthy M. Minimally invasive compared to conventional approach for coronary artery bypass grafting improves outcome. Ann Card Anaesth 2017;20:57-60.
46. Deppe AC, Liakopoulos OJ, Kuhn EW, Slottosch I, Scherner M, Choi YH, Rahmanian PB, Wahlers T. Minimally invasive direct coronary bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention for single-vessel disease: a meta-analysis of 2885 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2015;47:397-406.
47. Wang XW, Qu C, Huang C, Xiang XY, Lu ZQ. Minimally invasive direct coronary bypass compared with percutaneous coronary intervention for left anterior descending artery disease: a meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2016;11:125.
48. Puskas JD, Halkos ME, DeRose JJ, Bagiella E, Miller MA, Overbey J, Bonatti J, Srinivas VS, Vesely M, Sutter F, Lynch J, Kirkwood K, Shapiro TA, Boudoulas KD, Crestanello J, Gehrig T, Smith P, Ragosta M, Hoff SJ, Zhao D, Gelijns AC, Szeto WY, Weisz G, Argenziano M, Vassiliades T, Liberman H, Matthai W, Ascheim DD. Hybrid coronary revascularization for the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease: a multicenter observational study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;68:356-365.
49. Pellicano M, De Bruyne B, Toth GG, Casselman F, Wijns W, Barbato E. Fractional flow reserve to guide and to assess coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur Heart J 2017;38:1959-1968.
50. Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, Alfonso F, Banning AP, Benedetto U, Byrne RA, Collet JP, Falk V, Head SJ, Jüni P, Kastrati A, Koller A, Kristensen SD, Niebauer J, Richter DJ, Seferovic PM, Sibbing D, Stefanini GG, Windecker S, Yadav R, Zembala MO; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J 2019;40:87-165.
51. Kieser TM, Taggart DP. The use of intraoperative graft assessment in guiding graft revision. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2018;7:652-662.
52. Ohmes LB, Di Franco A, Di Giammarco G, Rosati CM, Lau C, Girardi LN, Massetti M, Gaudino M. Techniques for intraoperative graft assessment in coronary artery bypass surgery. J Thorac Dis 2017;9(Suppl 4):S327-S332.
53. Budde RP, Meijer R, Dessing TC, Borst C, Gründeman PF. Detection of construction errors in ex vivo coronary artery anastomoses by 13-MHz epicardial ultrasonography. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005;129:1078-1083.
54. Eikelaar JH, Meijer R, van Boven WJ, Klein P, Gründeman PF, Borst C. Epicardial 10-MHz ultrasound in off-pump coronary bypass surgery: a clinical feasibility study using a minitransducer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002;124:785-789.
55. Haaverstad R, Vitale N, Tjomsland O, Tromsdal A, Torp H, Samstad SO. Intraoperative color Doppler ultrasound assessment of LIMA-to-LAD anastomoses in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;74:S1390-1394.
56. Stein H, Smith JM, Robinson JR, Katz MR. Target vessel detection and coronary anastomosis assessment by intraoperative 12-MHz ultrasound. Ann Thorac Surg 2006;82:1078-1084.
57. Isringhaus H. Epicardial coronary artery imaging. Echocardiography 1990;7:253-259.
58. Arampatzis CA, Chourmouzi D, Boulogianni G, Lemos P, Pentousis D, Potsi S, Moumtzouoglou A, Papadopoulou E, Grammenos A, Voucharas C, Mpismpos A, McFadden EP, Drevelengas A. Graft failure prior to discharge after coronary artery bypass surgery: a prospective single-centre study using dual 64-slice computed tomography. EuroIntervention 2016;12:e972-e978.
59. Poirier NC, Carrier M, Lespérance J, Côté G, Pellerin M, Perrault LP, Pelletier LC. Quantitative angiographic assessment of coronary anastomoses performed without cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;117:292-297.
60. Smith SC, Jr, Benjamin EJ, Bonow RO, Braun LT, Creager MA, Franklin BA, Gibbons RJ, Grundy SM, Hiratzka LF, Jones DW, Lloyd-Jones DM, Minissian M, Mosca L, Peterson ED, Sacco RL, Spertus J, Stein JH, Taubert KA; World Heart Federation and the Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association. AHA/ACCF secondary prevention and risk reduction therapy for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2011 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Foundation. Circulation 2011;124:2458-273.
61. Kurlansky P, Herbert M, Prince S, Mack M. Coronary artery bypass graft versus percutaneous coronary intervention: Meds Matter: Impact of adherence to medical therapy on comparative outcomes. Circulation 2016;134:1238-1246.
2. Stone GW, Kappetein AP, Sabik JF, Pocock SJ, Morice MC, Puskas J, Kandzari DE, Karmpaliotis D, Brown WM, 3rd, Lembo NJ, Banning A, Merkely B, Horkay F, Boonstra PW, van Boven AJ, Ungi I, Bogáts G, Mansour S, Noiseux N, Sabaté M, Pomar J, Hickey M, Gershlick A, Buszman PE, Bochenek A, Schampaert E, Pagé P, Modolo R, Gregson J, Simonton CA, Mehran R, Kosmidou I, Généreux P, Crowley A, Dressler O, Serruys PW; EXCEL Trial Investigators. Five-year outcomes after PCI or CABG for left main coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2019;381:1820-1830.
3. Farkouh ME, Domanski M, Sleeper LA, Siami FS, Dangas G, Mack M, Yang M, Cohen DJ, Rosenberg Y, Solomon SD, Desai AS, Gersh BJ, Magnuson EA, Lansky A, Boineau R, Weinberger J, Ramanathan K, Sousa JE, Rankin J, Bhargava B, Buse J, Hueb W, Smith CR, Muratov V, Bansilal S, King S, 3rd, Bertrand M, Fuster V; FREEDOM Trial Investigators. Strategies for multivessel revascularization in patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012;367:2375-2384.
4. Serruys PW, Unger F, Sousa JE, Jatene A, Bonnier HJ, Schönberger JP, Buller N, Bonser R, van den Brand MJ, van Herwerden LA, Morel MA, van Hout BA; Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study Group. Comparison of coronary-artery bypass surgery and stenting for the treatment of multivessel disease. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1117-1124.
5. Weiss S, Weintraub W. Revascularization vs. medical therapy in stable ischemic heart disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2015;58:299-305.
6. Greenland P, Knoll MD, Stamler J, Neaton JD, Dyer AR, Garside DB, Wilson PW. Major risk factors as antecedents of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease events. JAMA 2003;290:891-897.
7. Hall AB, Brilakis ES. Saphenous vein graft failure: seeing the bigger picture. J Thorac Dis. 2019;11(Suppl 9):S1441-S1444.
8. Sabik JF, 3rd. Understanding saphenous vein graft patency. Circulation 2011;124:273-275.
9. Bikdeli B, Hassantash SA, Pourabdollah M, Kalantarian S, Sadeghian M, Afshar H, Sabeti S, Marzban M, Ahmadi H, Mohammadi F. Histopathologic insight into saphenous vein bypass graft disease. Cardiology 2012;123:208-215.
10. Harskamp RE, Alexander JH, Schulte PJ, Brophy CM, Mack MJ, Peterson ED, Williams JB, Gibson CM, Califf RM, Kouchoukos NT, Harrington RA, Ferguson TB, Jr, Lopes RD. Vein graft preservation solutions, patency, and outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: follow-up from the PREVENT IV randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2014;149:798-805.
11. Zou R, Sun M, Lu Z, Guo Q. Influence of ischemia before vein grafting on early hyperplasia of the graft and the dynamic changes of the intima after grafting. J Cardiothorac Surg 2012;7:90.
12. Papakonstantinou NA, Baikoussis NG, Goudevenos J, Papadopoulos G, Apostolakis E. Novel no touch technique of saphenous vein harvesting: Is great graft patency rate provided? Ann Card Anaesth 2016;19:481-488.
13. Woodward LC, Antoniades C, Taggart DP. Intraoperative vein graft preservation: what is the solution? Ann Thorac Surg 2016;102:1736-1746.
14. Caliskan E, Pachuk CJ, Perrault LP, Emmert MY. Preservation solutions to improve graft patency: the devil is in the detail. J Cardiothorac Surg 2020;15:228.
15. Vestergaard LP, Benhassen L, Modrau IS, de Paoli F, Boedtkjer E. Increased Contractile Function of Human Saphenous Vein Grafts Harvested by "No-Touch" Technique. Front Physiol. 2018 Jan 12;8:1135.
16. Hawkes AL, Nowak M, Bidstrup B, Speare R. Outcomes of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2006;2:477-484.
17. Lytle BW, Blackstone EH, Loop FD, Houghtaling PL, Arnold JH, Akhrass R, McCarthy PM, Cosgrove DM. Two internal thoracic artery grafts are better than one. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;117:855-872.
18. Taggart DP, D'Amico R, Altman DG. Effect of arterial revascularisation on survival: a systematic review of studies comparing bilateral and single internal mammary arteries. Lancet 2001;358(9285):870-875.
19. Tatoulis J, Wynne R, Skillington PD, Buxton BF. Total arterial revascularization: achievable and prognostically effective-a multicenter analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2015;100:1268-1275.
20. Tatoulis J, Buxton BF, Fuller JA. The right internal thoracic artery: is it underutilized? Curr Opin Cardiol 2011;26:528-535.
21. Deb S, Cohen EA, Singh SK, Une D, Laupacis A, Fremes SE; RAPS Investigators. Radial artery and saphenous vein patency more than 5 years after coronary artery bypass surgery: results from RAPS (Radial Artery Patency Study). J Am Coll Cardiol 2012;60:28-35.
22. Tabata M, Grab JD, Khalpey Z, Edwards FH, O'Brien SM, Cohn LH, Bolman RM, 3rd. Prevalence and variability of internal mammary artery graft use in contemporary multivessel coronary artery bypass graft surgery: analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Cardiac Database. Circulation 2009;120:935-940.
23. Bridgewater B, Keogh B, Kinsman R, Walton P. Sixth National Adult Cardiac Surgical Database report 2008. https://www.surgery.cuhk.edu.hk/cts/Sixth_NACSD_report_2008.pdf (01 August 2021).
24. Van den Eynde J, Heeren A, Szecel D, Meuris B, Jacobs S, Verbrugghe P, Oosterlinck W. Skeletonisation contributing to a reduction of sternal wound complications: a retrospective study in OPCAB patients. J Cardiothorac Surg 2019;14:162.
25. Sá MP, Ferraz PE, Escobar RR, Vasconcelos FP, Ferraz AA, Braile DM, Lima RC. Skeletonized versus pedicled internal thoracic artery and risk of sternal wound infection after coronary bypass surgery: meta-analysis and meta-regression of 4817 patients. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013;16:849-857.
26. Surya Satya Gopal P, Anne S, Kummari M, Bomma K, Malempati AR. Comparison of the effect of skeletonized and pedicled left internal thoracic artery harvesting techniques in coronary artery bypass surgery. J Evid Based Med Healthc 2020;7:2841-2846.
27. Aldea GS, Bakaeen FG, Pal J, Fremes S, Head SJ, Sabik J, Rosengart T, Kappetein AP, Thourani VH, Firestone S, Mitchell JD; Society of Thoracic Surgeons. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons clinical practice guidelines on arterial conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 2016;101:801-809.
28. Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, Alfonso F, Banning AP, Benedetto U, Byrne RA, Collet JP, Falk V, Head SJ, Jüni P, Kastrati A, Koller A, Kristensen SD, Niebauer J, Richter DJ, Seferovic PM, Sibbing D, Stefanini GG, Windecker S, Yadav R, Zembala MO; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J 2019;40:87-165.
29. Cadwallader RA, Walsh SR, Cooper DG, Tang TY, Sadat U, Boyle JR. Great saphenous vein harvesting: a systematic review and meta-analysis of open versus endoscopic techniques. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2009;43:561-566.
30. Raja SG, Sarang Z. Endoscopic vein harvesting: technique, outcomes, concerns & controversies. J Thorac Dis 2013;5(Suppl 6):S630-637.
31. Vaidyanathan KR, Sankar MN, Cherian KM. Endoscopic vs conventional vein harvesting: a prospective analysis. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2008;16:134-138.
32. Zenati MA, Bhatt DL, Stock EM, Hattler B, Wagner TH, Bakaeen FG, Biswas K. Intermediate-term outcomes of endoscopic or open vein harvesting for coronary artery bypass grafting: The REGROUP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4:e211439.
33. Bowdish ME, D'Agostino RS, Thourani VH, Schwann TA, Krohn C, Desai N, Shahian DM, Fernandez FG, Badhwar V. STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2021 Update on Outcomes, Quality, and Research. Ann Thorac Surg 2021;111:1770-1780.
34. Shapira OM. Radial artery as the preferred second conduit for coronary bypass. N Engl J Med 2018;378:2134-2135.
35. Salazar JD, Wityk RJ, Grega MA, Borowicz LM, Doty JR, Petrofski JA, Baumgartner WA. Stroke after cardiac surgery: short- and long-term outcomes. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;72:1195-1201.
36. Nicoara A, Song P, Bollen BA, Paone G, Abernathy JJ 3rd, Taylor MA, Habib RH, Del Rio JM, Lauer RE, Nussmeier NA, Glance LG, Petty JV 3rd, Mackensen GB, Vener DF, Kertai MD. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2021 Update on Echocardiography. Ann Thorac Surg 2022;113:13-24.
37. Rosenberger P, Shernan SK, Löffler M, Shekar PS, Fox JA, Tuli JK, Nowak M, Eltzschig HK. The influence of epiaortic ultrasonography on intraoperative surgical management in 6051 cardiac surgical patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2008;85:548-553.
38. Joo HC, Youn YN, Kwak YL, Yi GJ, Yoo KJ. Intraoperative epiaortic scanning for preventing early stroke after off-pump coronary artery bypass. Br J Anaesth 2013;111:374-381.
39. Ikram A, Mohiuddin H, Zia A, Siddiqui HU, Javadikasgari H, Koprivanac M, Raza S, Zafar A. Does epiaortic ultrasound screening reduce perioperative stroke in patients undergoing coronary surgery? A topical review J Clin Neurosci 2018;50:30-34.
40. Shapeton AD, Leissner KB, Zorca SM, Amirfarzan H, Stock EM, Biswas K, Haime M, Srinivasa V, Quin JA, Zenati MA. Epiaortic ultrasound for assessment of intraluminal atheroma; insights from the REGROUP Trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020;34:726-732.
41. Das S, Dunning J. Can epiaortic ultrasound reduce the incidence of intraoperative stroke during cardiac surgery? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2004 Mar;3:71-75.
42. Guida GA, Chivasso P, Fudulu D, Rapetto F, Sedmakov C, Marsico R, Zakkar M, Bryan AJ, Angelini GD. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in high-risk patients: a review. J Thorac Dis 2016;8(Suppl 10):S795-S798.
43. Marui A, Okabayashi H, Komiya T, Tanaka S, Furukawa Y, Kita T, Kimura T, Sakata R; CREDO-Kyoto Investigators. Benefits of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in high-risk patients. Circulation 2012;126(11 Suppl 1):S151-157.
44. McGinn JT, Jr, Usman S, Lapierre H, Pothula VR, Mesana TG, Ruel M. Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting: dual-center experience in 450 consecutive patients. Circulation 2009;120(11 Suppl):S78-84.
45. Baishya J, George A, Krishnamoorthy J, Muniraju G, Chakravarthy M. Minimally invasive compared to conventional approach for coronary artery bypass grafting improves outcome. Ann Card Anaesth 2017;20:57-60.
46. Deppe AC, Liakopoulos OJ, Kuhn EW, Slottosch I, Scherner M, Choi YH, Rahmanian PB, Wahlers T. Minimally invasive direct coronary bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention for single-vessel disease: a meta-analysis of 2885 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2015;47:397-406.
47. Wang XW, Qu C, Huang C, Xiang XY, Lu ZQ. Minimally invasive direct coronary bypass compared with percutaneous coronary intervention for left anterior descending artery disease: a meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2016;11:125.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 17 No 1 (2022): J Teh Univ Heart Ctr | |
| Section | Editorial | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jthc.v17i1.9318 | |
| Keywords | ||
| CABG outcome conduit MIDCAB | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Marzban M, Benharash P. Pragmatic Tips for Improving the Modern Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Operations. J Tehran Heart Cent. 2022;17(1):1-6.
