Dairy Product Consumption among Adults and Determining the Population-Attributable Risk of Common Non-Communicable Diseases: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
-
Amin Doosti-Irani
,
Parvin Cheraghi
,
Nasrin Shirmohammadi
,
Bahraeh Khdemi-Monfared
,
Zahra Cheraghi
Abstract
Background: Over the past decade, Iranian households have experienced a decline in dairy product consumption. This study aimed to evaluate the population-attributable risk of prevalent non-communicable diseases related to dairy product consumption.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study involved 628 adults over 18 years old in Hamadan City in 2021. Clusters were selected based on comprehensive urban health centers. The standardized Iranian version of the food frequency questionnaire was used. Participants were categorized into 3 levels of dairy product consumption: >1 serving per day, 1–2 servings per day, and ≥3 servings per day.
Results: The mean age of the 628 participants was 38.05 (SD: 12.5), with 42.36% being male. Cheese (54.5%), yogurt (39.7%), and milk (30.4%) were consumed most frequently. The prevalence of insufficient dairy product consumption was 48.6%, higher than that reported in previous studies. Insufficient dairy product consumption was associated with hypertension (9.3%), cardiovascular disease (5.6%), and osteoporosis (5.1%).
Conclusion: Individuals with lower education levels, female gender, lowest quartile of socioeconomic status, and those diagnosed with cardiovascular disease were more likely to have insufficient dairy product consumption. Insufficient dairy product consumption was associated with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis.
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6. Wolf CA, Malone T, McFadden BR. Beverage milk consumption patterns in the United States: Who is substituting from dairy to plant-based beverages? J Dairy Sci 2020;103:11209-11217.
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11. Qin LQ, Xu JY, Han SF, Zhang ZL, Zhao YY, Szeto IM. Dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: an updated meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2015;24:90-100.
12. Aune D, Norat T, Romundstad P, Vatten LJ. Dairy products and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:1066-1083.
13. Fung TT, Schulze M, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Dietary patterns, meat intake, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:2235-2240.
14. Asghari G, Rezazadeh A, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Mehrabi Y, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Reliability, comparative validity and stability of dietary patterns derived from an FFQ in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Br J Nutr 2012;108:1109-1117.
15. Vyas S, Kumaranayake L. Constructing socio-economic status indices: how to use principal components analysis. Health Policy Plan 2006;21:459-468.
16. Szklo M, Nieto FJ. Mesurin¬g Assocaition Between Expousers and outcomes. In: Szklo M, ed. Epidemiology: Beyond the Basics. 2th ed. Baltimore: Jones & Bartlett Publishers; 2014. p. 83-84.
17. Gao D, Ning N, Wang C, Wang Y, Li Q, Meng Z, Liu Y, Li Q. Dairy products consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013;8:e73965.
18. Xi B, Huang Y, Reilly KH, Li S, Zheng R, Barrio-Lopez MT, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Zhou D. Sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of hypertension and CVD: a dose-response meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2015;113:709-717.
19. Malmir H, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Consumption of milk and dairy products and risk of osteoporosis and hip fracture: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020;60:1722-1737.
20. Bermejo LM, López-Plaza B, Santurino C, Cavero-Redondo I, Gómez-Candela C. Milk and Dairy Product Consumption and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2019;10(suppl_2):S224-S238.
21. Lee HJ, Cho JI, Lee HS, Kim CI, Cho E. Intakes of dairy products and calcium and obesity in Korean adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2007-2009. PLoS One 2014;9:e99085.
22. Babaali E, Rahmdel S, Berizi E, Akhlaghi M, Götz F, Mazloomi SM. Dietary Intakes of Zinc, Copper, Magnesium, Calcium, Phosphorus, and Sodium by the General Adult Population Aged 20-50 Years in Shiraz, Iran: A Total Diet Study Approach. Nutrients 2020;12:3370.
23. Ayatollahi SM. Nutritional assessment of lactating women in Shiraz in relation to recommended dietary allowances. East Mediterr Health J 2004;10:822-827.
24. Lago-Sampedro A, García-Escobar E, Rubio-Martín E, Pascual-Aguirre N, Valdés S, Soriguer F, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Castell C, Menéndez E, Delgado E, Bordiú E, Castaño L, Franch-Nadal J, Girbés J, Chaves FJ, Gaztambide S, Rojo-Martínez G, Olveira G. Dairy Product Consumption and Metabolic Diseases in the Di@bet.es Study. Nutrients 2019;11:262.
25. Dror DK, Allen LH. Dairy product intake in children and adolescents in developed countries: trends, nutritional contribution, and a review of association with health outcomes. Nutr Rev 2014;72:68-81.
26. Touvier M, Méjean C, Kesse-Guyot E, Vergnaud AC, Hercberg S, Castetbon K. Sociodemographic and economic characteristics associated with dairy intake vary across genders. J Hum Nutr Diet 2011;24:74-85.
27. Moreira PA, Padrão PD. Educational and economic determinants of food intake in Portuguese adults: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2004;4:58.
28. Abreu S, Santos R, Moreira C, Vale S, Santos PC, Soares-Miranda L, Marques AI, Mota J, Moreira P. Association between dairy product intake and abdominal obesity in Azorean adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012;66:830-835.
29. Zemel MB, Richards J, Mathis S, Milstead A, Gebhardt L, Silva E. Dairy augmentation of total and central fat loss in obese subjects. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005;29:391-397.
30. Heidari Z, Rashidi Pour Fard N, Clark CCT, Haghighatdoost F. Dairy products consumption and the risk of hypertension in adults: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021;31:1962-1975.
31. Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos CH, Zampelas AD, Chrysohoou CA, Stefanadis CI. Dairy products consumption is associated with decreased levels of inflammatory markers related to cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy adults: the ATTICA study. J Am Coll Nutr 2010;29:357-364.
32. Huncharek M, Muscat J, Kupelnick B. Impact of dairy products and dietary calcium on bone-mineral content in children: results of a meta-analysis. Bone 2008;43:312-321.
33. Matía-Martín P, Torrego-Ellacuría M, Larrad-Sainz A, Fernández-Pérez C, Cuesta-Triana F, Rubio-Herrera MÁ. Effects of Milk and Dairy Products on the Prevention of Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Fractures in Europeans and Non-Hispanic Whites from North America: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2019 May 1;10(suppl_2):S120-S143.
34. Aune D, Lau R, Chan DSM, Vieira R, Greenwood DC, Kampman E, Norat T. Dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ann Oncol 2012;23:37-45.
35. Wang S, Zhou M, Ji A, Zhang D, He J. Milk/dairy products consumption and gastric cancer: an update meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Oncotarget 2017;9:7126-7135.
36. Yuan J, Li W, Sun W, Deng S. Milk and dairy products consumption and the risk of oral or oropharyngeal cancer: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2019;39:BSR20193526.
2. Lindström J, Aittola K, Pölönen A, Hemiö K, Ahonen K, Karhunen L, Männikkö R, Siljamäki-Ojansuu U, Tilles-Tirkkonen T, Virtanen E, Pihlajamäki J, Schwab U. Formation and Validation of the Healthy Diet Index (HDI) for Evaluation of Diet Quality in Healthcare. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18:2362.
3. Larsson SC, Crippa A, Orsini N, Wolk A, Michaëlsson K. Milk Consumption and Mortality from All Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2015;7:7749-7763.
4. Ness AR, Smith GD, Hart C. Milk, coronary heart disease and mortality. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001;55:379-82.
5. Roustaee R, Eini-Zinab H, Ghodsi D, Mehrparvar Hosseini E, Omidvar N, Hosseini H, Hosseini Mousavi SO, Rafiee H. A 30-year trend of dairy consumption and its determinants among income groups in Iranian households. Front Public Health 2024;12:1261293.
6. Wolf CA, Malone T, McFadden BR. Beverage milk consumption patterns in the United States: Who is substituting from dairy to plant-based beverages? J Dairy Sci 2020;103:11209-11217.
7. Shokrvash B, Salehi L, Hariri Akbari M, Ebrahimi Mamagani M, Nedjat S, Asghari M, Majlessi F, Montazeri A. Social support and dairy products intake among adolescents: a study from Iran. BMC Public Health 2015;15:1078.
8. Soedamah-Muthu SS, Ding EL, Al-Delaimy WK, Hu FB, Engberink MF, Willett WC, Geleijnse JM. Milk and dairy consumption and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:158-171.
9. Soedamah-Muthu SS, Verberne LD, Ding EL, Engberink MF, Geleijnse JM. Dairy consumption and incidence of hypertension: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Hypertension 2012;60:1131-1137.
10. Fontecha J, Calvo MV, Juarez M, Gil A, Martínez-Vizcaino V. Milk and Dairy Product Consumption and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Adv Nutr 2019;10(suppl_2):S164-S189.
11. Qin LQ, Xu JY, Han SF, Zhang ZL, Zhao YY, Szeto IM. Dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: an updated meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2015;24:90-100.
12. Aune D, Norat T, Romundstad P, Vatten LJ. Dairy products and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:1066-1083.
13. Fung TT, Schulze M, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Dietary patterns, meat intake, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:2235-2240.
14. Asghari G, Rezazadeh A, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Mehrabi Y, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Reliability, comparative validity and stability of dietary patterns derived from an FFQ in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Br J Nutr 2012;108:1109-1117.
15. Vyas S, Kumaranayake L. Constructing socio-economic status indices: how to use principal components analysis. Health Policy Plan 2006;21:459-468.
16. Szklo M, Nieto FJ. Mesurin¬g Assocaition Between Expousers and outcomes. In: Szklo M, ed. Epidemiology: Beyond the Basics. 2th ed. Baltimore: Jones & Bartlett Publishers; 2014. p. 83-84.
17. Gao D, Ning N, Wang C, Wang Y, Li Q, Meng Z, Liu Y, Li Q. Dairy products consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013;8:e73965.
18. Xi B, Huang Y, Reilly KH, Li S, Zheng R, Barrio-Lopez MT, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Zhou D. Sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of hypertension and CVD: a dose-response meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2015;113:709-717.
19. Malmir H, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Consumption of milk and dairy products and risk of osteoporosis and hip fracture: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020;60:1722-1737.
20. Bermejo LM, López-Plaza B, Santurino C, Cavero-Redondo I, Gómez-Candela C. Milk and Dairy Product Consumption and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2019;10(suppl_2):S224-S238.
21. Lee HJ, Cho JI, Lee HS, Kim CI, Cho E. Intakes of dairy products and calcium and obesity in Korean adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2007-2009. PLoS One 2014;9:e99085.
22. Babaali E, Rahmdel S, Berizi E, Akhlaghi M, Götz F, Mazloomi SM. Dietary Intakes of Zinc, Copper, Magnesium, Calcium, Phosphorus, and Sodium by the General Adult Population Aged 20-50 Years in Shiraz, Iran: A Total Diet Study Approach. Nutrients 2020;12:3370.
23. Ayatollahi SM. Nutritional assessment of lactating women in Shiraz in relation to recommended dietary allowances. East Mediterr Health J 2004;10:822-827.
24. Lago-Sampedro A, García-Escobar E, Rubio-Martín E, Pascual-Aguirre N, Valdés S, Soriguer F, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Castell C, Menéndez E, Delgado E, Bordiú E, Castaño L, Franch-Nadal J, Girbés J, Chaves FJ, Gaztambide S, Rojo-Martínez G, Olveira G. Dairy Product Consumption and Metabolic Diseases in the Di@bet.es Study. Nutrients 2019;11:262.
25. Dror DK, Allen LH. Dairy product intake in children and adolescents in developed countries: trends, nutritional contribution, and a review of association with health outcomes. Nutr Rev 2014;72:68-81.
26. Touvier M, Méjean C, Kesse-Guyot E, Vergnaud AC, Hercberg S, Castetbon K. Sociodemographic and economic characteristics associated with dairy intake vary across genders. J Hum Nutr Diet 2011;24:74-85.
27. Moreira PA, Padrão PD. Educational and economic determinants of food intake in Portuguese adults: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2004;4:58.
28. Abreu S, Santos R, Moreira C, Vale S, Santos PC, Soares-Miranda L, Marques AI, Mota J, Moreira P. Association between dairy product intake and abdominal obesity in Azorean adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012;66:830-835.
29. Zemel MB, Richards J, Mathis S, Milstead A, Gebhardt L, Silva E. Dairy augmentation of total and central fat loss in obese subjects. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005;29:391-397.
30. Heidari Z, Rashidi Pour Fard N, Clark CCT, Haghighatdoost F. Dairy products consumption and the risk of hypertension in adults: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021;31:1962-1975.
31. Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos CH, Zampelas AD, Chrysohoou CA, Stefanadis CI. Dairy products consumption is associated with decreased levels of inflammatory markers related to cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy adults: the ATTICA study. J Am Coll Nutr 2010;29:357-364.
32. Huncharek M, Muscat J, Kupelnick B. Impact of dairy products and dietary calcium on bone-mineral content in children: results of a meta-analysis. Bone 2008;43:312-321.
33. Matía-Martín P, Torrego-Ellacuría M, Larrad-Sainz A, Fernández-Pérez C, Cuesta-Triana F, Rubio-Herrera MÁ. Effects of Milk and Dairy Products on the Prevention of Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Fractures in Europeans and Non-Hispanic Whites from North America: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2019 May 1;10(suppl_2):S120-S143.
34. Aune D, Lau R, Chan DSM, Vieira R, Greenwood DC, Kampman E, Norat T. Dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ann Oncol 2012;23:37-45.
35. Wang S, Zhou M, Ji A, Zhang D, He J. Milk/dairy products consumption and gastric cancer: an update meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Oncotarget 2017;9:7126-7135.
36. Yuan J, Li W, Sun W, Deng S. Milk and dairy products consumption and the risk of oral or oropharyngeal cancer: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2019;39:BSR20193526.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 19 No 2 (2024): J Teh Univ Heart Ctr | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jthc.v19i2.16199 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Food-processing industry Dairy products Biomedical research; methods Humans Population Risk Hypertension; epidemiology Hypertension; etiology Cross-sectional study Iran | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Doosti-Irani A, Cheraghi P, Shirmohammadi N, Khdemi-Monfared B, Cheraghi Z. Dairy Product Consumption among Adults and Determining the Population-Attributable Risk of Common Non-Communicable Diseases: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. J Tehran Heart Cent. 2024;19(2):102-108.
