Unexplained Multi-Site Thrombosis: A Step-by-Step Strategy for Factor V Leiden Detection in a Hypercoagulable Patient

Abstract

Thrombotic manifestations involve the development of blood clots within blood vessels. These conditions can occur unexpectedly in different areas and are often linked to life-threatening situations, presenting challenges for both diagnosis and treatment.
We present a case of multi-site thrombosis in a patient with a confirmed hypercoagulable state, resulting from a positive factor V Leiden mutation. The patient’s medical history included hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous thrombotic events, and changes in anticoagulant therapy.
This case highlights the challenges associated with multisystem thrombosis and underscores the necessity of employing various diagnostic techniques, such as echocardiography, computed coronary angiography, and Doppler ultrasonography. In this instance, the patient presented with a history of unprovoked lower limb deep vein thrombosis and multiple arterial thromboses.
The patient’s treatment regimen comprised anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, and vasodilators. While a reduction in thrombus size was noted, complete revascularization could not be attained.
Effective diagnosis and treatment of venous and arterial thrombosis often require multimodal imaging. Selective blood test screening can be beneficial in diagnosing or detecting inherited or acquired abnormalities linked to thrombosis development.