Articles In Press
Case Report(s)
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Infective endocarditis (IE) is an under-recognized cause of fever that is often missed in preliminary evaluation. This may stem from a lack of vigilance towards IE and using empirical antibiotic therapy to treat fever. As a result, patients often present with complications of IE that warrant surgical intervention. We hereby discuss a case of IE that remained undiagnosed for 2 years, receiving short courses of oral antibiotic therapy for recurrent fever, ultimately developing heart failure due to valve perforation.
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Complete heart block in a patient with acute cholangitis due to the cardiobiliary reflex Cope's Sign
Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases may manifest as cardiac symptoms, ischemic ECG changes, and arrhythmias. Although rare, bradyarrhythmia cases induced by cardiobiliary reflex have been linked to acute cholecystitis. This case emphasizes the cardiobiliary reflex as a possible cause of bradyarrhythmia in patients with gallbladder and biliary tract diseases .
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Background: In-stent restenosis (ISR) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an unwanted complication in some patients. The etiology is multifactorial, and identifying these factors may help improve long-term outcomes after PCI.
Case summary: We hereby describe two cases of recurrent ISR; case 1 describes the techniques of PCI used over 17 years to manage recurrent ISR of Left Main bifurcation disease, while case 2 highlights the role of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as a treatment modality for recurrent ISR of the right coronary artery.
Discussion: Management of post-PCI recurrent ISR has witnessed multiple advancements over the past decade. Newer technologies like intravascular imaging, plaque or calcium modification techniques, and drug-eluting balloons enable effective management of recurrent ISR. This article describes possible risk factors for recurrent ISR and discusses various treatment strategies for its management.
